01 - Combine blueberries, sugar, water, and lemon juice in a small saucepan over medium heat. Bring to a simmer and cook for 8 to 10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until blueberries burst and syrup thickens slightly. Keep warm.
02 - In a large bowl, whisk together flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
03 - In a separate bowl, combine ricotta, milk, egg yolks, vanilla extract, lemon zest, lemon juice, and melted butter. Mix until smooth.
04 - Gently fold wet mixture into dry ingredients until just combined, avoiding overmixing.
05 - Beat egg whites in a clean bowl until soft peaks form. Gently fold into batter, being careful not to overmix and deflate the whites.
06 - Heat a nonstick skillet or griddle over medium heat and brush lightly with butter.
07 - Pour 1/4 cup batter per pancake onto the skillet. Cook for 2 to 3 minutes until bubbles form on surface and edges appear set. Flip and cook 1 to 2 minutes more until golden and cooked through.
08 - Transfer finished pancakes to a plate. Repeat cooking process with remaining batter.
09 - Arrange warm pancakes on serving plates and top generously with warm blueberry syrup.